Substances which are considered to be sexual human pheromones do not make us more attractive.
About the pheromones used by animals, we know quite a lot. This is a special volatile chemical substances that directly affect the behavior and physiology of one of their senses. For example, in a beehive the uterus with the help of the pheromone inhibits the development of the reproductive system of other females, so they become the work of individuals, and, say, ants pheromones mark the path – olfactory signals help them return to the nest and point the way to the extraction. These are only two examples, but in General and bees, and ants, and other insects use pheromones for a variety of applications.
Love pheromone much to not wait. (Photo: ViewApart / Depositphotos.com.)
In General, pheromones are spread in the nature very widely, sometimes they are even called signal substances are exchanged between some single-celled plants . There are some mammals, however, the behavior of animals is often quite difficult to accurately determine the influence of pheromones; however, there is one area about which it is authentically known that pheromones play a big role. We are talking about reproduction: females are ready to procreate, with special smell alerts you to their potential partners, which aroused it taphonomy trail.
It is believed that in humans, there are sex pheromones, and it is about them we often hear: that these substances are added to various perfumes and help us to become more attractive. One of these substances is called androstadienone (AND) – it is found in male sweat and semen, and it seems to be effective with women; other – estratetraenol (EST) from female urine, like effect on men. And we are not so vain oft-repeated “like”: according to the results of researchers from the University of Western Australia, neither in fact no effect on us has not.
The experiment consisted of the following: it was necessary to assess the attractiveness of the person in the picture; all participants were of heterosexual orientation, respectively, for the evaluation they were shown people of the opposite sex. If human pheromones acted, as it should be, the woman gave a sniff androstadienone, threw points would the men in the photo, and the same would happen with men, sniff estratetraenol – appeal of women in their eyes were to increase.
In another variant, the “judges” had to deal with mixed persons using the computer edited so that they could be equally likely to find both male and female. It was assumed that under the influence of pheromones women will see these faces of men, and men women. However, as you write Simmons (Leigh Simmons) and his colleagues in the Royal Society Open Science, in the first case the person the photo was equally attractive (or unattractive) regardless of looked if they people being “under the pheromones” or not; and in the second case, no shift of perception in “male” or “female” side too.
Sam Lee Simmons, incidentally, believes that a person has pheromones, but they are still not found, not found largely because everyone rushed to explore the two above-mentioned substances, not paying attention to others. In his opinion, his fame and and EST largely due to the fact that laboratories prefer not to publish negative results.
On the other hand, it is possible that androstadienone, and estratetraenol – after all, the pheromones, just the effects they appear more difficult, in some mediated emotional reactions. But, anyway, to increase the attractiveness they apparently can’t.
